Gas efficiency:
Maybe the most significant advantage that closed-circuit rebreathers offer
is greatly increased gas efficiency. When using open-circuit scuba, oxygen
and other gases in the exhaled gas are wasted in the form of bubbles. As the
dive depth increases more molecules of gas are lost with each exhaled breath.
A rebreather, on the other hand, retains most or all of the exhaled breath, process it, and returns it to the diver. Thus, the deeper the dive, the more advantageous rebreathers become.
For example, a standard scuba cylinder last
on average about an hour in 10 meters of water and less than 10 minutes at
90 meters. But if that same cylinder were filled with oxygen and used to supply
a closed circuit rebreather, the diver could theoretically stay underwater
for more then one day - regardless of depth.
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